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It is particularly annoying because there is no particularly obvious reason for the appearance of indentations. Of course, the appearance of indentations is certainly for a reason, we need to understand them to avoid these problems. Suppose you haven't changed the texture of the paint and the paint used is normal—there is very little paint problem—the most common cause is the rate at which the diluent evaporates, the temperature, and the thickness of the paint coating.
Diluent evaporation rate
The paint consists of long fiber molecules, each of which flows separately in the paint thinner. When the paint thinner begins to volatilize, the long fiber molecules interweave and stick together. Just like the noodles we can see stick together. Each molecule is equivalent to each noodle. When the diluent evaporates, the long fiber molecules change from a soft and flexible state to a hard mass. The faster the volatilization rate, the faster the cure. Since the paint thinner is composed of several different solvents, the ability of each solvent with different volatilization rates to dissolve the paint is different, and the volatilization rates of different brands and types of paint thinners are also different.
Regardless of the rate of volatilization, almost all of the diluent evaporates from the coating to accelerate the curing process.
The manufacturer gives us the volatilization rate of the diluent on the merchandise label. Standard paint thinner, usually labeled "paint thinner", evaporates much faster than paint retarders, and paint retarders are designed to slow down the process of curing the paint. But even with these types of thinners, their volatilization range is very large, so many times we need to deal with it by experience.
If you find the problem of indentation one day, but this has never happened before, then it may be the reason you switched to other types of paint thinner.
A common way to solve flower changes is to add a paint retarder to the paint. Flowering is the milky white streaks produced by the compression of air into the coating during the construction of the paint. The use of a retarder slows down the drying process of the paint, so the wet air has enough time to pour out before the paint cures.
Another method can be used when painting in a cabinet or drawer. You can add a paint retarder to the finish, so it allows the excess paint to dissolve into the paint layer before curing.
Paint retarders are a very effective solution to prevent flowering and excess paint problems. But at the same time it also prevents the curing process of the paint, so it can also cause indentation.
The higher the temperature, the faster the evaporation of the liquid (from liquid to gas). Therefore, the temperature in the painting room or dry area will play an important role in the speed of the paint curing.
You can use the same paint thinner without any indentation problems, but once the temperature drops you will start to face these problems. Paint manufacturers often receive numerous calls on these issues on the first day of the fall weather.
The example of noodles still explains this phenomenon very well. The evaporation rate of noodle soup is higher in summer than in cold winter, so the curing speed of noodles is faster in summer than in winter. The same paint cures at a much higher temperature than at low temperatures.
The temperature can also act in the opposite direction. Although the paint will cure well before you transport the wood products to other places by truck, if the temperature of the truck is too high, the paint may soften. The paint softens at high temperatures so that indentations can be easily produced.
Coating thickness
It is still possible here to use the analogy of noodles to understand how the thickness of the coating affects the curing speed. Just as a water in a 1cm thick bowl evaporates much faster than a 6cm thick bowl, the noodles can harden faster, which is a good indication of why a thin coating paint cures faster than a thick paint coating. The paint thinner evaporates from the bottom of the thick coating for a longer period of time than it evaporates from the thin coating.
Some people think that thin coatings are easier to handle than thick ones. There are of course many reasons, but the real reason is that the thin coating cures quickly so you can get a complete coating surface in a shorter time. Of course, even a thick coating can be fully cured.
Some painters try to speed up the painting process by quickly brushing two or three paints. Brush the second paint after the first paint. There will be no problem with this. However, in order to avoid indentation, there is a need to have a few hours between the two paints, so in fact the entire curing takes longer than painting a paint. Temperature and Volatilization Sometimes it is not possible to control temperature changes, but you can control the cure rate of the paint by using different thinners or mixing different thinners. Therefore, when the temperature changes, a fixed hardening speed can be maintained by adjusting the diluent.
When the temperature rises, a diluent having a lower evaporation rate can be added. You can also achieve this by adding a dose of retarder. Retarders can be added to some of the standard paint thinners directly to the retarder without the use of a thinner. You can also achieve the same effect by reducing the viscosity of the paint.
When the temperature drops, add a thinner that evaporates faster to the paint. But unfortunately, wood paint trade suppliers generally do not provide this type of thinner. But you can also buy such products in specialty stores in large and medium-sized cities. Diluents are often referred to as "fast" or "temperature-influential" paint thinners, so there is generally a list of temperature ranges above the container. By using a fast paint thinner, even below 40 degrees, you can successfully paint at near normal cure speeds.
Solution of surface indentation of nitrocellulose paint finish
The most common problem after using nitrocellulose paint is the indentation on the surface of the paint, which is the dent that remains on the surface when the object is pressed against it. And if both are painted, the two surfaces may stick together.