Research and Application of Smart Card Application Framework

Research and Application of Smart Card Application Framework

0 Preface

As the Internet occupies an increasingly important position in e-commerce and human life, people are increasingly demanding certification and secure transactions. The smart card has the advantages of small size, light and easy to carry, can store and process data by itself and perform encryption and decryption operations, and the combination with network services makes it a device that can conveniently store user keys and download confidential data. The smart card contains CPU, RAM, EEPROM, ROM, and I/O, such as the same small computer. The software structure of the smart card consists of a COS (chip operating system) system, a smart card application framework and its specific application service program, as shown in Figure 1. In this structure, the lowest-level COS system is responsible for the management of the underlying hardware; the smart card application framework defines a set of programming interface classes that provide a uniform application environment for the application; the application provides a specific smart card service.

Smart card software structure

Figure 1 smart card software structure

1 OCF and PC/SC Overview

PC/SC⋯ (personal computer/smart card) is the standard framework for smart card access on Windows platforms. Its purpose is to ease the difficulty of developing smart card applications on PCs. The main advantage of PC/SC is that the application communicates with the smart card without having to consider the specific details of the smart card reader. As long as the smart card reader complies with the PC/SC standard, the application can function normally through the smart card reader. The PC/SC architecture is shown in Figure 2. The ICC is the Integrated Circuit Card, which is the IC card. IFD is Interface Devices, which is an IC card reader. After the IC card is inserted into the reader, the IC card reader IFD communicates with the IFD Handler layer of the driver. The ICC Resource Manager layer manages various IC card reader and IC card resources. Each IC card reader communicates with the ICCResourceManager layer through its respective IFDHandler interface function. The ICC Resource Manager layer sends the commands sent by the upper layer software to the corresponding IFDHandler according to the requirements of the upper layer software, and then sends the IC card to the IC card through the corresponding IFDHandler. Reader and IC card.

PC/SC architecture

Figure 2 PC/SC architecture

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2 OCF and PC/SC contact

Both OCF and PC/SC provide access standards for smart cards and various computers, and they have commonalities in terms of concepts and mechanisms. By comparing their composition, we found these relationships.

2.1 The commonality between OCF and PC/SC structure

The ICC ServiceProvider in the PC/SC provides a smart card service, which is provided by the CardService in the corresponding OCF; the CardTerminal in the OCF corresponds to the Interface Device Subsystem in the PC/SC. Therefore, OCF has a lot in common with PC/SC. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4.

2.2 Differences between OCF and PC/SC

After further analysis, it was found that the internal structure of OCF and PC/SC is very different. For example, OCF does not provide further structural division of CardTerminal, and Interface Device Subsystem in PC/SC consists of IFD and IFD Handler. The detailed pairs are shown in Table 1.

OCF is different from the PC/SC cryptographic service framework. PC/SC defines a cryptographic service interface Crypto Service Provider, and the OCF encapsulates it internally without defining a special interface.

The most important difference between OCF and PC/SC is that OCF has a more detailed structure division than PC/SC. OCF has a strict distinction between smart card service (CardService) and smart card service program management Application Management Card Service. In the Java language environment of the Windows platform, OCF overlaps with PC/SC. The details are shown in Table 2.

2.3 Coexistence of OCF and PC/SC

Different applications on the PC may use OCF, and some use PC/SC. Will there be conflicts between them? No, OCF and PC/SC Association have detailed rules for sharing the two to ensure the coexistence of the two. Without conflict. For example, OCF supports existing PC/SC interface devices. OCF also provides an interface to PC/SC, enabling developers to use existing Win32 platform devices; OCF for card operating system, application. The detailed definition of specific card services and app1ication management can be used as an extension to PC/SC.

3 application examples

Under the framework of OCF and PC/SC, it realizes the development of secure email system that automatically recognizes JavaCard and USB Key and automatically connects with the corresponding cryptographic service interface, ensuring the security of confidential information such as keys, by encrypting emails. Decryption and signature effectively solve the security problem of mail during storage and transmission, and have achieved satisfactory results. The specific system structure is shown in Figure 5.

4 Conclusion

The introduction of the smart card application framework has brought great convenience to application developers, smart cards and smart card terminal investors. It enables the application of smart cards to convert from “one-to-one” to “many-to-many” and constructs a unified standard framework for open smart card applications. 1 For applications that follow the smart card application framework, it can be applied to any open smart card, the application does not need to be developed repeatedly, and the development cost is greatly reduced; 2 for smart cards developed according to the smart card application framework, not only can the multi-organization provide more Applications, and once the environment changes, can be easily loaded and unloaded to replace the application on the card. Like many other new technologies, there are many dazzling technical standards for smart cards. This article only briefly introduces two smart card application frameworks, OCF and PC/SC, and compares them and makes some simple application development. Through this example, it can be applied to other network security products, such as online securities, online banking, tax management, etc.

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