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Reducing the contradiction between pollution and cost and glue source is difficult to reconcile in the near future. Therefore, scholars at home and abroad are exploring another way to produce wood-based panels using a glue-free process. More than 30 years ago, the Soviet Union and the Czech Republic completed the feasibility study of theory and technology, and the Czech Republic also carried out small-scale production. I don't know why it didn't continue to study? Perhaps the main reason is that the seriousness of pollution at that time did not arouse the attention of the society, and the driving force for demand was lost, and it was unwilling to further improve the production process.
Now environmental awareness has reached an unprecedented height, and in practice, users can't stand it. Otherwise, Japan will not produce formaldehyde trapping agents. Therefore, scholars at home and abroad have re-emphasized the research of this topic and adopted various technical routes to achieve certain results. However, they have not formed large-scale productivity and brought products into the market. The development of rubber-free wood-based panels is the most effective way to solve environmental pollution, and it is also a development trend. At present, there is competition between process innovation and time. Whoever has the most advanced technology, the simplest, and the most easy to promote will be able to form productivity and occupy the market first.
According to the previous theory that the plant fiber can be self-adhesive, with repeated trials and continuous optimization, the non-adhesive fiber board is made into a board process, and breakthrough progress is made. The key to overcome is to improve the performance of the rubber-free board and simplify the operation procedure. It enables the production of fiber-free fiberboard without any modification to all production equipment (only the rubber equipment is discontinued) using the existing MDF production line. The mechanical strength of the product is equivalent to or higher than that of ordinary particleboard, and the waterproof performance is the same as that of the urea fiberboard.
Since water is used as the "adhesive", the self-adhesive force between the fibers is completed in the hot pressing process, so the water content of the slab is higher than that of the rubber slab, and the hot pressing cycle is inevitably extended to ensure that the chemical reaction is fully completed, thereby affecting the original Productivity, but has no effect on actual economic benefits.
1. Saving adhesive costs is a direct benefit and increases net profit.
2. The product has no solidified layer, less sanding, less power consumption, and lower power consumption and belt cost.
3. Most of the moisture in the slab is transferred to the evaporator for evaporation, so that part of the convective heat transfer in the dryer is converted into contact heat transfer, the thermal efficiency is improved, and the coal consumption is reduced. These are additional benefits.
Only these three items, even if the annual output is reduced from 30,000 m3 to 15,000 to 20,000 m3, it can still generate profits of 3.3 million to 4.4 million yuan per year (depending on the cost of glue). Moreover, after the production is reduced, the raw materials and energy consumption are also reduced by 30% to 50%, the equipment loss and maintenance costs are also reduced, and the total liquidity occupied is also reduced, which is an indirect benefit. Therefore, the total profit is not lower than the original output, or even higher. It is also very simple to maintain the original output, because the production capacity of the hot press before the process equipment has not changed, so only one hot press and its transport mechanism, or the number of heat transfer press layers can be added. . This renovation fee is necessary.
The biggest advantage of fiber-free fiberboard is the complete elimination of pollution sources and low cost. The use can also be extended to packaging materials for certain commodities that are not allowed to be contaminated. The natural defect of the fiber-free fiberboard: due to the self-adhesive force of the chemical action of water and fiber molecules. The fibers must be in intimate contact, otherwise the adhesion will be reduced, so the density is higher than the conventional sized medium density fiberboard. This defect is not significant if a thin plate is produced.
This new technology of non-adhesive fiberboard has the highest quality of wood fiber and the easiest operation technology. It is also suitable for all herbal fiber boards, the performance of which depends on the material of the raw materials themselves. The authors have conducted a large number of experiments on straw, wheat straw, bamboo, etc. The results show that bamboo fiber is not lower than wood fiber board, and straw is the worst, because straw fiber is short and thin, soluble content is high, and it also contains silicon, which is difficult to bond. Wheat straw is also the same, and the operation process is much stricter than wood fiber. But there is no glue board. To improve the tensile properties of the herbaceous fiber, the raw material should be fibrillated, and the quality of the crude fiberboard is poor.
The authors have studied another way of mixing 1/3 wood fiber with 2/3 straw or wheat straw to make a rubber-free board. The effect is very good, and its performance is much better than that of a single herbal fiber raw material. This result can be used in some wood fiber-based production enterprises. When the supply of raw materials is short, it can be mixed with herbal fiber to solve the problem of raw material source.
However, for the sizing wood fiber production line, straw, wheat straw and the like cannot be mixed, because the urea glue has poor adhesion to such fibers, and a large number of tests fail.
In short, a new product can not be demanded, should take its main advantages, and tolerate some of its shortcomings. Idealization requires high strength, light weight, no pollution, and low cost. This is just the direction of pursuit. But any new rubber can't be cheaper than water.
Research and application of green fiberboard
With the rapid development of China's economy and the improvement of the living standards of urban and rural residents, comprehensive renovation and furniture renewal of the interior has become a popular consumer fashion. In the interior decoration and furniture industry, wood-based panels are widely used as substrates, and thus formaldehyde pollution problems occur. In the past, people's economic income was small, most of the interior decoration was only partially carried out, and furniture was often updated in a small amount. Therefore, formaldehyde pollution is not very prominent and can be tolerated. Nowadays, it is almost universal to carry out full renovation and furniture renewal when moving into new homes. In this way, the accumulation of formaldehyde volatilization is greatly increased, reaching an unacceptable level, directly endangering the user's living space. For this reason, the dispute between the decoration department and the user has become a social problem, and the raw materials for decoration or furniture come from the market and there is no way to solve it. With the improvement of environmental awareness around the world, the pollution caused by formaldehyde gas has reached a level that must be taken seriously. To this end, science and technology workers have developed many measures to try to solve. Such as the improvement of the rational formulation of urea and formaldehyde, even the use of formaldehyde trapping agents, etc., but not a cure. In addition, certain commodities such as food, tea, cigarettes, etc., do not allow formaldehyde to exist. In the past, natural wood was mostly used. Due to the implementation of the national policy for the protection of forest resources, the use of wood packaging materials has been restricted. If alternative materials are sought, wood-based panels are the preferred target. However, it is difficult to achieve due to contamination of formaldehyde. All of this makes the demand for pollution-free “green wood-based panels†on the agenda. The source of formaldehyde gas release is the urea-formaldehyde resin used in the production of wood-based panels. The greatest advantage of this kind of adhesive is that it has abundant raw materials, good performance and low price. It is not replaceable at present. However, urea-formaldehyde resin is limited by the synthesis process. No matter how to improve the formulation, the chemical reaction can not be perfect. During the manufacture and use of the product, there is always the problem of excess formaldehyde released and reacted, just the amount. If the synthesis process is backward, more formaldehyde gas is released. Among the many wood-based panel enterprises in China, the urea-formaldehyde resin synthesis technology is lagging behind, so it is not surprising that the artificial boards entering the market are seriously polluted. Formaldehyde-free glue is not without, but it is not a rare source of glue, it is expensive. According to the current production of wood-based panels in China, the annual amount of liquid adhesive is about 3 million tons, which is difficult to meet. And the most expensive synthetic resin in the world is only urea glue.
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