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1 Flame-retardant conventional synthetic fiber â‘ Flame-retardant copolymerization method: It is made by copolymerization of spinning polymerized monomer and flame-retardant monomer. For example, Hever's Trevira 271 modified polyester fiber, Japan's Cordelon (Cordelon) modified vinylon-vinyl chloride. The most important is the nitrile-chloroprene series product, which is a fiber made of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride by wet or dry spinning, except for acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, etc. In the single body, the alkyl or alkenyl sulfonate is generally used as the third monomer to improve the dyeing performance of the fiber. Some acrylic fiber products are shown in Table 1 below. Name Manufacturer Flame Retardant Monomer Polymerization Process Spinning Process Solvent Kemistron N Japan Asahi Kasei VDC Precipitation Wet Spinning Nivolon / Nippon Bell Textile / VDC / Solution / Wet Spinning / DMF Enfra / Japan Toray / VDC / Solution / Wet spinning / DMSO Carnevalon / Japan Zhongyuan / VC / Sedimentation / Wet spinning / Acetone Denar / U.S. UCC / VC / Sedimentation / Wet spinning / Acetone Oron FLR / Dupont / VDC / Sedimentation / Dry spinning / DMA Tickron / British Courtaulds / VDC / Sedimentation / Wet spinning / Acetone Veliclon FR / Italy Snia Viscose / VDC / Solution / Wet spinning / DMF Delaron C / Germany Bayer / VDC / Sedimentation / Dry spinning / DMF Acrylic Chlorine Fiber / China Fushun Flame Retardant Acrylic Fiber Factory / VDC / Solution / Wet Spinning DMF * DMA-dimethylacetamide DMP-dimethylformamide DMS0-dimethylsulfoxide
â‘¡ Flame retardant by blending method: It is a blend of different polymers and a certain amount of flame retardant is mixed, and the obtained fiber has flame retardant properties. If polyester or polypropylene is added with bromine and phosphide, flame retardant polyester or polypropylene can be made. Finland's Visil flame-retardant viscose fiber contains silicic acid compounds, and the residue after burning can still maintain the fiber shape. The flame-retardant fibers that have been successfully trialled in China include flame-retardant polyester, polypropylene, acrylic, vinylon, and viscose fibers, of which flame-retardant polyester and flame-retardant polypropylene can be produced industrially.
2 High-temperature resistant fiber High-temperature resistant fiber for functional nonwoven fabrics includes general glass fiber, carbon fiber, meta-aramid polyamide, polybenzimidazole, phenolic formaldehyde, polyphenylene sulfide, polymelamine and aromatic heterocyclic polymerization High temperature resistant fiber such as fiber. Meta-polyamides include Dupont's Nomex, Teijin's Conex, polybenzimidazole P84, polymelamine BASF's BasofiI, aromatic heterocyclics KermeI, EkonoI, and PBO and PBZT fibers.
Antibacterial and deodorant fibers are developed on the basis of antibacterial and deodorant post-treatment technology. Since the 1980s, there has been a method of preparing persistent antibacterial and deodorant fibers through the polymer structure modification and blending modification of chemical fibers. Among them, the blending method is the main method. Compared with the antibacterial and deodorizing post-treatment technology, the antibacterial and deodorizing fiber has good deodorizing effect and durability, and the fiber does not adhere to the resin. The resulting fabric has a good hand feel, simple process, no post-processing and low cost. Although the antibacterial and deodorizing finishing is easy to process, the antibacterial and deodorizing effect is not ideal. After dozens of washings, the antibacterial and deodorizing effect of the fabric decreases, making it difficult to meet consumer demands. The rapid development of chemical fiber has provided a very broad world for fiber modification, so that people have begun to turn the perspective of textile antibacterial and deodorant treatment to fiber modification to obtain antibacterial and deodorant textiles. This method has high technical content, is difficult, and involves a wide range of engineering fields. Especially, it has high requirements on antibacterial and deodorant agents, but it is favored by customers because of its obvious advantages.
There are four main methods for processing antibacterial and deodorant fibers. â‘ The chemical modification is used to graft antibacterial fiber groups onto the fibers. For example, the silkworm dyeing company of Japan uses the dyeing method to form the coordination bond between the -CN group of the acrylonitrile fiber and the CugSs to produce the Stallon SS-N fiber, which is both antibacterial and deodorant and conductive and antistatic.
â‘¡ During the spinning process, the antibacterial agent is added to the polymer such as acrylonitrile or polyamide to mix and spin. This is the main means of developing antibacterial and deodorant fibers.
â‘¢ Use physical modification to make the antibacterial agent penetrate into the deeper part of the fiber surface. During melt spinning, the antibacterial deodorant is added to the spinning oil and cooled as the draft is drawn, so that the molten fiber filaments wrap the antibacterial deodorant into the surface layer when shrinking. The gel state fiber in the wet spinning is immersed in the antibacterial deodorant solution to seal the antibacterial deodorant solution inside. Development
Functional raw materials for processing complex nonwoven fabrics
The fibers in the raw materials for functional composite nonwoven fabrics generally include flame retardant fibers, antibacterial fibers, antistatic or conductive fibers, superabsorbent fibers, degradable fibers, and differentiated fibers. The function of these fibers is after the fiber itself is spun and processed Yes, not attached by finishing. Functional composite fabric of nonwoven material further comprises some functional finishing agents, finishing agents which may be processed to fibers or nonwoven fabric to impart special finished nonwoven product features.
Flame-retardant fiber Flame-retardant fiber includes two categories, one is by adding flame retardant to the spinning solution of conventional chemical fiber (nylon, polyester, acrylic, polypropylene, etc.). The flame retardant can be polymerized by blending or copolymerization. The fibers are used to obtain permanent flame-retardant fibers; the other is high-temperature and fire-resistant fibers. These fibers have high melting points and are not easy to burn. These fibers can also be used in high-temperature nonwoven fabric filter materials for special industries. , Felt and gasket.
Antibacterial fiber