New biosensor can improve detection sensitivity

Recently, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou Institute of Nanotechnology and Nanobionics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Metrology and Testing Technology have jointly developed an electrochemical biosensor based on modified interface of DNA nanostructures for microRNA tumor Ultra-sensitive detection of targets.

MicroRNA (microRNA) is an endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA that plays an important regulatory role in a series of cellular development processes. The researchers found that the abnormal expression of microRNA is directly related to the occurrence and development of many tumors, especially that it can stably exist in serum and is a very promising tumor marker.

Compared with traditional homogeneous detection methods such as PCR, electrochemical biosensors based on surface reactions have the advantages of cheaper detection of disease-related microRNAs and easier on-site detection. However, the sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors is often limited by the interface mass transfer process and crowding effects.

In order to solve these problems, Fan Chunhai, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and his team have previously developed new methods for modifying the surface of gold electrodes using three-dimensional DNA nanostructures, which can significantly enhance the binding ability of surface molecules and improve detection sensitivity.

Under the guidance of Fan Chunhai, Wen Yanli and other researchers used this DNA nanostructure modified surface for microRNA sensing detection. Studies have shown that this new type of biosensor can detect microRNAs at aM (10-18 mol / L) level (<1000 molecules), has good single-base discrimination ability, and can be well distinguished from precursor RNA . Using the advantages of this new biosensor with high sensitivity, good repeatability, no labeling and no PCR amplification, the researchers analyzed the expression levels of microRNAs in a series of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patient samples and realized cancer tissue Good differentiation from tissues adjacent to cancer.

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